{"id":12716,"date":"2023-01-25T23:39:00","date_gmt":"2023-01-25T20:39:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/?p=12716"},"modified":"2024-02-19T21:49:58","modified_gmt":"2024-02-19T18:49:58","slug":"prvni-strucny-pruvodce-zdrojem-bitcoinu-puvodni-whitepaper","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/cs\/2023\/01\/25\/prvni-strucny-pruvodce-zdrojem-bitcoinu-puvodni-whitepaper\/","title":{"rendered":"Prvn\u00ed zdroj Bitcoin: stru\u010dn\u00fd pr\u016fvodce p\u016fvodn\u00edm dokumentem Whitepaper"},"content":{"rendered":"

S pen\u011bzi je dnes n\u011bco v nepo\u0159\u00e1dku. V Mal\u00e1 kn\u00ed\u017eka Bitcoin<\/em>, jeho auto\u0159i poukazuj\u00ed na to, \u017ee pen\u00edze jsou \u201erozbit\u00e9\u201c. Krom\u011b toho \u201eve st\u00e1le v\u00edce globalizovan\u00e9 ekonomice pen\u00edze tvrdohlav\u011b z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed lok\u00e1ln\u00ed.\u201c Obecn\u011b nedostatek soukrom\u00ed a kontrola pen\u011bz ze strany vl\u00e1d a finan\u010dn\u00edch subjekt\u016f p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00edm fond\u016fm probl\u00e9my. Proto se objevila b\u00edl\u00e1 kniha Bitcoin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V d\u016fsledku finan\u010dn\u00ed krize z roku 2008, Satoshi Nakamoto<\/a> vytvo\u0159il Bitcoin (BTC). Nakamoto, a\u0165 u\u017e to byl kdokoli, hledal syst\u00e9m, ve kter\u00e9m by vl\u00e1dy nemohly rozhodovat o v\u0161em, co se t\u00fdk\u00e1 pen\u011bz, a kter\u00fd by zp\u016fsobil revoluci v ekonomice a osobn\u00edch financ\u00edch.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Krypto-offline-tokeny-bitcoin\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Krom\u011b filozofick\u00e9 a ideologick\u00e9 slo\u017eky popisuje Nakamoto technick\u00e9 fungov\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto syst\u00e9mu v kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m dokumentu zn\u00e1m\u00e9m jako Bitcoin b\u00edl\u00e1 kniha<\/a>Dne 31. \u0159\u00edjna 2008 byl tento text odesl\u00e1n na e-mailov\u00fd seznam v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f v oblasti kryptografie a aktivist\u016f cypherpunku \u2013 skupin usiluj\u00edc\u00edch o vytvo\u0159en\u00ed technologick\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro soukrom\u00ed a svobodu lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Co obsahuje dokument Bitcoin?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A\u010dkoli m\u00e1 tato \u201ekniha\u201c pouze dev\u011bt stran, obsahuje obecn\u00e9 popis Bitcoin<\/a>: peer-to-peer (P2P) platebn\u00ed syst\u00e9m prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm decentralizovan\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b. Nakamoto za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 popisem toho, jak syst\u00e9m funguje nahrazuje d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00e9 t\u0159et\u00ed strany (jako jsou banky nebo vl\u00e1dy) automatick\u00fdm ov\u011b\u0159ovac\u00edm procesem.<\/strong> Takov\u00fd syst\u00e9m tak\u00e9 poskytuje nevratn\u00e9 platby pro v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost mezi \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edky transakce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Poj\u010fme se pod\u00edvat na hlavn\u00ed koncepty t\u00e9to platformy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Transakce a mince<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Bitcoin jako platebn\u00ed syst\u00e9m vy\u017eaduje bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 transakce. A jako digit\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011bna pot\u0159ebuje zp\u016fsob, jak se vyhnout dvoj\u00edmu utr\u00e1cen\u00ed. To by se stalo, kdyby n\u011bkdo (zlomysln\u011b \u010di jinak) poslal stejnou m\u011bnu r\u016fzn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edjemc\u016fm \u2013 co\u017e by prok\u00e1zalo nepou\u017eitelnost syst\u00e9mu. Za t\u00edmto \u00fa\u010delem Satoshi v dokumentu Bitcoin navrhuje distribuovanou s\u00ed\u0165 chr\u00e1n\u011bnou kryptografi\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ka\u017ed\u00e1 transakce, propojen\u00e1 se v\u0161emi p\u0159edchoz\u00edmi, by byla zaznamen\u00e1na v jak\u00e9msi digit\u00e1ln\u00edm registru \u2013 kter\u00e9mu dnes \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me \u201eblockchain\u201c.<\/a> Ka\u017ed\u00fd valid\u00e1tor nebo uzel m\u00e1 kopii v\u0161ech transakc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 kdy byly provedeny.<\/strong> V na\u0161em p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee transakce a mince jsou v podstat\u011b tot\u00e9\u017e. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1 se jim \u201eneutracen\u00e9 transak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdstupy\u201c (UTXO).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"bitcoin-coin-hrst-pen\u011b\u017eenka\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

UTXO je v\u00fdstup (finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f), kter\u00fd u\u017eivatel obdr\u017e\u00ed, aby jej v budoucnu utratil jako vstup pro n\u011bkoho jin\u00e9ho. Celkov\u00fd z\u016fstatek v portfoliu jak\u00e9hokoli u\u017eivatele je tvo\u0159en UTXO r\u016fzn\u00fdch velikost\u00ed nebo jedn\u00edm UTXO, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee obdr\u017eet \u201ev\u00fddaje\u201c, pokud nen\u00ed pln\u011b utracen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

UTXO si m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159edstavit jako ekvivalent jednotliv\u00fdch minc\u00ed nebo bankovek v r\u00e1mci blockchainu.<\/strong>Ve fyzick\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, pokud m\u00e1te \u00fa\u010det $100 a p\u0159ed\u00e1te ho k \u00fahrad\u011b $20, druh\u00e1 strana by v\u00e1m m\u011bla vr\u00e1tit $80 v dal\u0161\u00edch \u00fa\u010dtech. UTXO funguj\u00ed podobn\u011b v Bitcoin, ale to je jen na pozad\u00ed, pro pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9ho u\u017eivatele neviditeln\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 a soukrom\u00e9 kl\u00ed\u010de<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Pro prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed transakc\u00ed s Bitcoin jsou pot\u0159eba digit\u00e1ln\u00ed pen\u011b\u017eenky. Obvykle se jedn\u00e1 o mobiln\u00ed nebo desktopov\u00e9 aplikace, kter\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed jako rozhran\u00ed pro pr\u00e1ci s BTC mincemi. Tyto pen\u011b\u017eenky jsou<\/a> postaven\u00e9 na soukrom\u00fdch a ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch kryptografick\u00fdch kl\u00ed\u010d\u00edch, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed a podepisov\u00e1n\u00ed transakc\u00ed. Slou\u017e\u00ed jako d\u016fkaz, \u017ee operaci provedl (nebo odeslal) vlastn\u00edk finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed-soukrom\u00ed-kryptografick\u00e9-kl\u00ed\u010de\"
P\u0159\u00edklad seed fr\u00e1ze (soukrom\u00e9ho kl\u00ed\u010de) v pen\u011b\u017eence Bitcoin.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The p\u00e1r ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho a soukrom\u00e9ho kl\u00ed\u010de<\/a> je asymetrick\u00fd, proto\u017ee \u0161ifrovat lze pouze jedn\u00edm kl\u00ed\u010dem (ve\u0159ejn\u00fdm) a de\u0161ifrovat druh\u00fdm (soukrom\u00fdm). Zat\u00edmco ve\u0159ejn\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d je pot\u0159eba k p\u0159ijet\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f (aby jej bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 sd\u00edlet s ostatn\u00edmi), Soukrom\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d je nezbytn\u00fd k prok\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed pen\u011b\u017eenky a utr\u00e1cen\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abychom to shrnuli: ve\u0159ejn\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d by byl n\u011bco jako e-mailov\u00e1 adresa, kterou m\u016f\u017eete poskytnout pro p\u0159\u00edjem pen\u011bz. Soukrom\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d by naopak bylo heslo pro p\u0159\u00edstup k tomuto e-mailov\u00e9mu \u00fa\u010dtu (v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b k pen\u011bz\u016fm). Tento tajn\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d je jedin\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem k va\u0161im kryptom\u011bn\u00e1m. V\u011bt\u0161ina pen\u011b\u017eenek v\u00e1m poskytuje \u0159adu tajn\u00fdch n\u00e1hodn\u00fdch slov (obvykle 12). Tato slova byste m\u011bli neust\u00e1le uchov\u00e1vat na bezpe\u010dn\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Distribuovan\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 nebo blockchain<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fd\u0161e jsme zm\u00ednili typ \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed knihy nebo distribuovan\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b. To je m\u00edsto, kde se ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00e1 proveden\u00e1 transakce s Bitcoin<\/a> je registrov\u00e1n. \u010c\u00e1stky, data, adresy, provize a dal\u0161\u00ed informace jsou tam zaznamen\u00e1ny nav\u017edy \u2013 av\u0161ak bez jmen nebo osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Bitcoin-b\u00edl\u00e1
Blockchain je \u0159ada vz\u00e1jemn\u011b propojen\u00fdch datov\u00fdch blok\u016f, \u0161ifrovan\u00fdch pomoc\u00ed kryptografie.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Tato s\u00ed\u0165 je postavena s vyu\u017eit\u00edm kryptografie, kter\u00e1 \u0159et\u011bz\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd datov\u00fd blok od prvn\u00edho do posledn\u00edho.<\/strong>Syst\u00e9m umo\u017e\u0148uje ov\u011b\u0159it, zda data nebyla zm\u011bn\u011bna a zda jsou v\u0161echny kopie registru identick\u00e9. Pro\u010d distribuov\u00e1no<\/a>Proto\u017ee neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed ani jedine\u010dn\u00e1 kopie. Po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b je rozm\u00edst\u011bno mnoho identick\u00fdch kopi\u00ed, na r\u016fzn\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch, u r\u016fzn\u00fdch lid\u00ed. Existuje tolik kopi\u00ed, kolik je uzl\u016f a t\u011b\u017ea\u0159\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed pro n\u011b provozuj\u00ed software.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b, podle BitNodes<\/a>, po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b existuje 12 990 uzl\u016f Bitcoin. P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 50% z nich je anonymn\u00edch. Zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed jsou ve\u0159ejn\u011b um\u00edst\u011bny ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech, N\u011bmecko<\/a>, Francie, Nizozemsko, Kanada, Finsko, Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed, Rusko, \u0160v\u00fdcarsko a dal\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u016fkaz o pr\u00e1ci (konsenzu\u00e1ln\u00ed mechanismus)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, Proof of Work (PoW) je konsenzu\u00e1ln\u00ed algoritmus<\/a> kter\u00fd ov\u011b\u0159uje transakce v s\u00edti Bitcoin. Proces prov\u00e1d\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d. Je to slo\u017eit\u00e1 matematick\u00e1 operace, ve kter\u00e9 ka\u017ed\u00fd uzel mus\u00ed naj\u00edt jedine\u010dn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed transakc\u00ed.<\/strong>\u00dasp\u011bch z\u00e1vis\u00ed na v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00edm v\u00fdkonu uzlu (za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed). A vy\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed kryptografick\u00e9 h\u00e1danky vy\u017eaduje spoustu energie (pr\u00e1ce).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Bitcoin-b\u00edl\u00e1-dokument-PoW-t\u011b\u017eba\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Z praktick\u00e9ho hlediska syst\u00e9m PoW tak\u00e9 zabra\u0148uje \u0161kodliv\u00e9 modifikaci s\u00edt\u011b Bitcoin. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem by pro \u00fatok musel b\u00fdt upraven cel\u00fd blockchain. Podle Krypto51<\/a>, \u00fatok 51% na Bitcoin (s c\u00edlem p\u0159evz\u00edt kontrolu nad s\u00edt\u00ed a zm\u011bnit transakce) by st\u00e1l p\u0159es $1 milion za hodinu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Krom\u011b technick\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti Satoshi Nakamoto v dokumentu jasn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee Bitcoin<\/a> byl vytvo\u0159en jako alternativa k fiat pen\u011bz\u016fm. Poskytuje v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed autonomii a svobodu ob\u010dan\u016fm sv\u011bta<\/strong>Na to nikdy nezapom\u00ednejme!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Chcete obchodovat s BTC, ETH a dal\u0161\u00edmi tokeny? Zvl\u00e1dnete to.<\/em> bezpe\u010dn\u011b na Alfacash<\/a>A nezapome\u0148te, \u017ee o tom a mnoha dal\u0161\u00edch v\u011bcech mluv\u00edme na na\u0161ich soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Telegram<\/a> * Facebook<\/a> * Instagram<\/a> * Youtube<\/a> *Cvrlik\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Bitcoin whitepaper it\u2019s only nine pages long, but this \u201cbook\u201d contains its official description. Let\u2019s check the main concepts.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":12729,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[48],"tags":[43,86,61,101,92],"class_list":{"0":"post-12716","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-learn","8":"tag-bitcoin","9":"tag-blockchain","10":"tag-cryptocurrencies","11":"tag-investment","12":"tag-technology"},"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Bitcoin-whitepaper-quick-guide.png","author_info":{"display_name":"Isabel P\u00e9rez","author_link":"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/cs\/author\/isabel\/"},"yoast_head":"\nThe first Bitcoin source: a quick guide to the original whitepaper<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Bitcoin whitepaper it\u2019s only nine pages long, but this \u201cbook\u201d contains its official description. 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