{"id":7319,"date":"2021-05-16T23:34:00","date_gmt":"2021-05-16T20:34:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/?p=7319"},"modified":"2024-02-19T21:51:46","modified_gmt":"2024-02-19T18:51:46","slug":"faq-criptovalute-inquinamento-cambiamento-climatico","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/it\/2021\/05\/16\/faq-criptovalute-inquinamento-cambiamento-climatico\/","title":{"rendered":"Domande frequenti: criptovalute, inquinamento e cambiamento climatico"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Devi averlo gi\u00e0 sentito: le criptovalute non sono molto ecologiche. Hanno un impatto ambientale negativo, stanno aumentando il cambiamento climatico, sono &quot;un disastro ambientale&quot; [Agustin Carstens] e cos\u00ec via. \u00c8 tutto vero? Le criptovalute producono inquinamento e contribuiscono al cambiamento climatico?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Recentemente, <a href=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/2021\/05\/13\/tesla-rejects-bitcoin-environmental-concerns-its-right\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Tesla si ferm\u00f2<\/a> accettare pagamenti Bitcoin (BTC) <strong>per considerarlo \u201cun grande costo per l&#039;ambiente\u201d.<\/strong> Come pu\u00f2 essere? Sono digitali, giusto? Non stanno esattamente sputando fumo nero nel cielo limpido. Bene, ora \u00e8 il momento di risolvere tutti i tuoi dubbi su questo. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Criptovalute = inquinamento? Perch\u00e9?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Per iniziare, non tutte le criptovalute possono produrre inquinamento. Il vero problema viene da <a href=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/2020\/08\/25\/cryptocurrency-mining-dummies-how-works\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mining Proof of Work (PoW)<\/a>. Questo \u00e8 un algoritmo e per &quot;algoritmo&quot; si intende un insieme di passaggi e metodi che sono costruiti (con la matematica) per ottenere un risultato specifico o risolvere un problema. Questo \u00e8 esattamente ci\u00f2 che fa il PoW: sviluppare un difficile problema di matematica o un indovinello che i minatori devono risolvere per verificare le transazioni virtuali ed &quot;estrarre&quot; alcune monete.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" src=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/hands-4348717_1280-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"bitcoin-monete-manciata-portafoglio\" class=\"wp-image-5779\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/hands-4348717_1280-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/hands-4348717_1280-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/hands-4348717_1280-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/hands-4348717_1280-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/hands-4348717_1280-270x180.jpg 270w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/hands-4348717_1280-770x513.jpg 770w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/hands-4348717_1280-762x508.jpg 762w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/hands-4348717_1280-773x515.jpg 773w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/hands-4348717_1280-370x247.jpg 370w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/hands-4348717_1280-554x369.jpg 554w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/hands-4348717_1280-306x204.jpg 306w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/hands-4348717_1280-368x245.jpg 368w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/hands-4348717_1280-260x173.jpg 260w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/hands-4348717_1280-87x58.jpg 87w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/hands-4348717_1280.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>I minatori competono con gli altri per &quot;trovare&quot; prima le monete e la loro potenza di calcolo totale aiuta a proteggere la rete. Tuttavia, non suona molto contaminante, giusto? Ebbene, il problema \u00e8 quell&#039;enigma. Nessuno pu\u00f2 davvero risolverlo alla velocit\u00e0 richiesta per competere. Solo i computer e alcuni dispositivi specializzati (<a href=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/2020\/11\/21\/easy-crypto-miners-how-mine-cryptocurrencies-problems\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Minatori ASIC<\/a>) pu\u00f2 farlo. E non da solo: richiedono molta elettricit\u00e0 per riprovare e ancora fino a trovare la soluzione. Da qui il &quot;lavoro&quot; nella dimostrazione.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Quindi, nel caso non lo sapessi, molta elettricit\u00e0 di solito equivale a pi\u00f9 inquinamento, <\/strong>a seconda della provenienza di quell&#039;energia. Il carbone e altri combustibili fossili sono fonti comuni di energia elettrica in tutto il mondo. Pertanto, se l&#039;energia per estrarre le criptovalute proviene dal carbone, ci\u00f2 significherebbe emissioni pi\u00f9 dannose per il pianeta. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D&#039;altra parte, abbiamo macchine ASIC. Sono stati progettati specificamente per estrarre criptovalute e nient&#039;altro. Tuttavia, non dureranno molto tempo, perch\u00e9 la difficolt\u00e0 di estrarre criptovalute aumenta sempre con il numero di minatori che si uniscono alla rete (per motivi di sicurezza). Una volta terminato il periodo utile (circa 1,5 anni), possono <a href=\"https:\/\/digiconomist.net\/bitcoin-electronic-waste-monitor\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">diventare rifiuti elettronici<\/a> e, fondamentalmente, aggiungendo pi\u00f9 spazzatura delle criptovalute al mucchio di inquinamento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ovviamente, questo accade solo con le criptovalute PoW. Altri sistemi, come Proof-of-Stake (PoS), non hanno questo problema di mining.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Quali criptovalute producono inquinamento e quali no?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c8 una risposta complicata. Anche nel caso delle criptovalute PoW, <strong>tutto dipende dalla fonte di energia e dagli usi alternativi degli ASIC.<\/strong> La maggior parte dei minatori sceglie luoghi in cui la fonte di energia dominante \u00e8 rinnovabile e alcuni di loro stanno gi\u00e0 utilizzando i propri ASIC per funzioni aggiuntive, come <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Jonbros01\/status\/1064224854164074497?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">riscaldamento<\/a> o pomodori in crescita (<a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/KamilBrejcha\/status\/972438246528569344\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">veramente<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed aligncenter is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Chi immagina che il mining di criptovalute e l&#039;agricoltura possano lavorare insieme? Il primo lotto di cryptomatoes \u00e8 pronto per essere raccolto. Stiamo usando il calore in eccesso per la serra dei pomodori e funziona :-) <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/U7qqKTshqO\">pic.twitter.com\/U7qqKTshqO<\/a><\/p>- Kamil Brejcha (@KamilBrejcha) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/KamilBrejcha\/status\/972438246528569344?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">10 marzo 2018<\/a><\/blockquote><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Possiamo anche considerare che esistono versioni PoW &quot;pi\u00f9 leggere&quot;. Non richiedono ASIC per funzionare, solo computer e il consumo di energia \u00e8 moderato. Questo \u00e8 il caso di <a href=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/2021\/03\/29\/discover-monero-how-use-it-full-privacy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Monero (XMR)<\/a>, per esempio. Al contrario, Bitcoin \u00e8 ancora la moneta pi\u00f9 difficile da estrarre e richiede molta energia e ASIC. Ecco perch\u00e9 i suoi minatori di solito scelgono le fonti rinnovabili pi\u00f9 economiche.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Secondo <a href=\"https:\/\/cryptoslate.com\/coins\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">CryptoSlate<\/a>, ci sono oltre 406 monete PoW. Includono molti dei pi\u00f9 popolari: Bitcoin, <a href=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/2020\/11\/04\/what-litecoin-ultimate-history-silver-cryptocurrencies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Litecoin (LTC),<\/a> Bitcoin Cash (BCH), Ethereum (ETH), <a href=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/2020\/09\/18\/little-story-dogecoin-shiba-inus-cryptocurrency\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dogecoin (DOGE),<\/a> Zcash (ZEC) e Monero (XMR).<strong> Dall&#039;altro lato, ci sono oltre 546 monete simili a PoS,<\/strong> Compreso <a href=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/2021\/02\/27\/bitcoin-goes-down-cardano-reaches-new-heights\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cardano (ADA)<\/a>, Polkadot (DOT), Stellar (XLM), Cosmos (ATOM), Tron (TRX), Tezos (XTZ), Lisk (LSK), DASH, XRP ed EOS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Quanta energia consumano le criptovalute PoW?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Non possiamo saperlo con certezza, ma abbiamo alcune panoramiche per Bitcoin. Secondo il Cambridge Bitcoin Electricity Consumption (<a href=\"https:\/\/cbeci.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">CBEI<\/a>), Bitcoin consuma circa 148 TWh all&#039;anno, pi\u00f9 di Svezia, Ucraina o Paesi Bassi. Per la sua parte, <a href=\"https:\/\/digiconomist.net\/bitcoin-energy-consumption\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Digiconomist<\/a> calcola una cifra intorno ai 117 TWh all&#039;anno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Allo stesso tempo, come descritto dalla CBEI, <strong>Bitcoin rappresenta solo 0,69% del consumo energetico totale a livello mondiale.<\/strong> Inoltre, &quot;la quantit\u00e0 di elettricit\u00e0 consumata ogni anno dai dispositivi domestici sempre accesi ma inattivi nei soli Stati Uniti potrebbe alimentare la rete Bitcoin per 1,5 anni&quot;. Confrontandolo con altre &quot;forme di denaro&quot;, possiamo anche dire questo <a href=\"https:\/\/cryptowords.github.io\/bitcoin-and-energy-consumption-rebuttal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">il settore bancario<\/a> consuma oltre 639 TWh all&#039;anno e l&#039;estrazione dell&#039;oro consuma oltre 139 TWh all&#039;anno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Energy-consumption-by-cryptocurrency.-Source-TRG-Datacenters.jpg\" alt=\"Criptovalute-inquinamento-consumo di energia\" class=\"wp-image-7321\" width=\"383\" height=\"407\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Energy-consumption-by-cryptocurrency.-Source-TRG-Datacenters.jpg 501w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Energy-consumption-by-cryptocurrency.-Source-TRG-Datacenters-283x300.jpg 283w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Energy-consumption-by-cryptocurrency.-Source-TRG-Datacenters-141x150.jpg 141w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Energy-consumption-by-cryptocurrency.-Source-TRG-Datacenters-11x12.jpg 11w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Energy-consumption-by-cryptocurrency.-Source-TRG-Datacenters-170x180.jpg 170w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Energy-consumption-by-cryptocurrency.-Source-TRG-Datacenters-485x515.jpg 485w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Energy-consumption-by-cryptocurrency.-Source-TRG-Datacenters-478x508.jpg 478w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Energy-consumption-by-cryptocurrency.-Source-TRG-Datacenters-348x370.jpg 348w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Energy-consumption-by-cryptocurrency.-Source-TRG-Datacenters-439x466.jpg 439w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Energy-consumption-by-cryptocurrency.-Source-TRG-Datacenters-306x325.jpg 306w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Energy-consumption-by-cryptocurrency.-Source-TRG-Datacenters-231x245.jpg 231w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Energy-consumption-by-cryptocurrency.-Source-TRG-Datacenters-188x200.jpg 188w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Energy-consumption-by-cryptocurrency.-Source-TRG-Datacenters-287x305.jpg 287w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Energy-consumption-by-cryptocurrency.-Source-TRG-Datacenters-63x67.jpg 63w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\" \/><figcaption>Consumo di energia da criptovaluta. Fonte: TRG Datacenter<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Oltre Bitcoin, Ethereum consuma circa 48 TWh all&#039;anno [<a href=\"https:\/\/digiconomist.net\/ethereum-energy-consumption\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Digiconomist<\/a>]. Inoltre, il mese scorso, l&#039;azienda <a href=\"https:\/\/www.trgdatacenters.com\/most-environment-friendly-cryptocurrencies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Datacenter TRG<\/a> ha calcolato il numero di kWh consumati per transazione in diverse criptovalute.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Come vedremo pi\u00f9 avanti, il consumo di energia ha molto a che fare con l&#039;inquinamento e il cambiamento climatico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Da dove viene l&#039;energia per estrarre le criptovalute?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Come accennato prima, i minatori di solito scelgono le fonti rinnovabili pi\u00f9 economiche. L&#039;azienda <a href=\"https:\/\/coinshares.com\/assets\/resources\/Research\/bitcoin-mining-network-june-2019-fidelity-foreword.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">CoinShares<\/a> calcolato quello&nbsp;<strong>oltre 74% di Bitcoin minerario utilizza fonti di energia rinnovabile, come idroelettrica, solare e geotermica<\/strong>. D&#039;altra parte, la CBEI afferma che 65% di Bitcoin minerario sta facendo in Cina. In questo paese, il carbone ha rappresentato 56,8% della produzione di energia domestica nel 2020 [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2021\/04\/29\/climate-china-has-no-other-choice-but-to-rely-on-coal-power-for-now.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">CNBC<\/a>]. E questa \u00e8 una cattiva notizia per le criptovalute e l&#039;inquinamento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuttavia, ci sono teorie alternative. Prima di parlarne, dovremmo imparare cos&#039;\u00e8 l&#039;energia non rivale. \u201cI beni non rivali sono beni pubblici. Tutti hanno accesso per utilizzarli e il loro utilizzo non riduce la loro disponibilit\u00e0 per un uso futuro &quot;[<a href=\"https:\/\/askinglot.com\/what-is-a-nonrival-resource\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Askinglot<\/a>]. Nel settore energetico, di solito significa energia in eccesso (e sprecata) che nessuno utilizzer\u00e0 perch\u00e9 la domanda \u00e8 gi\u00e0 soddisfatta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/light-bulb-984551_1280-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"bitcoin-tesla-green-energy\" class=\"wp-image-7315\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/light-bulb-984551_1280-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/light-bulb-984551_1280-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/light-bulb-984551_1280-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/light-bulb-984551_1280-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/light-bulb-984551_1280-270x152.jpg 270w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/light-bulb-984551_1280-770x433.jpg 770w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/light-bulb-984551_1280-903x508.jpg 903w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/light-bulb-984551_1280-900x506.jpg 900w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/light-bulb-984551_1280-370x208.jpg 370w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/light-bulb-984551_1280-554x312.jpg 554w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/light-bulb-984551_1280-306x172.jpg 306w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/light-bulb-984551_1280-260x146.jpg 260w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/light-bulb-984551_1280-87x49.jpg 87w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/light-bulb-984551_1280.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Quindi, parlando di <a href=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/2021\/03\/11\/top-countries-most-crypto-users-laws\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Minatori cinesi<\/a>, operano in alcune province specifiche: Xinjiang, Sichuan, Mongolia Interna e Yunnan [CBEI]. L&#039;energia \u00e8 sovrabbondante e in parte rinnovabile l\u00ec dentro. Perci\u00f2, <strong>\u00e8 probabile che la maggior parte dei minatori Bitcoin in Cina stia utilizzando energia non rivale, <\/strong>come \u00e8 stato descritto da <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@nic__carter\/noahbjectivity-on-bitcoin-mining-2052226310cb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Nic Carter<\/a>, co-fondatore di Coinmetrics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Per quanto riguarda il resto delle monete PoW, possiamo solo fare supposizioni. Ad esempio, la maggior parte del mining <a href=\"https:\/\/blockchair.com\/es\/litecoin\/nodes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">nodi di Litecoin<\/a> sono negli Stati Uniti, in Germania e in Francia. In questi paesi, l&#039;energia rinnovabile rappresenta 20% [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/tools\/faqs\/faq.php?id=92&amp;t=4#:~:text=In%202020%2C%20renewable%20energy%20sources,about%2020%25%20of%20electricity%20generation.&amp;text=Preliminary%20data.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">VIA<\/a>], 46.3% [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/germany-power-renewables-idUKKBN28O1AH\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Reuters<\/a>] e 33.2% [<a href=\"https:\/\/renews.biz\/63340\/france-renewables-capacity-swells-to-547gw\/#:~:text=Renewable%20energy%20contributed%2033.2%25%20to,the%20same%20quarter%20in%202019.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Rinnova<\/a>], rispettivamente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Perch\u00e9 Bitcoin (e altri) non cambia il mining?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Sembra una soluzione facile, giusto? Perch\u00e9 le monete PoW non abbandonano questo sistema e lo sostituiscono con PoS? Beh, non \u00e8 cos\u00ec facile, anzi. Prima di tutto, ricordiamolo <a href=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/2021\/01\/24\/what-proof-of-stake-pos-coins-passive-income\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">cos&#039;\u00e8 Proof-of-Stake<\/a>. Nei sistemi PoS (e monete) la figura del \u201cminatore\u201d \u00e8 sostituita dal \u201cvalidatore\u201d. Questo validatore, che pu\u00f2 essere chiunque lo desideri, non avr\u00e0 bisogno di energia o macchine specializzate. Invece, ci\u00f2 che faranno \u00e8 bloccare all&#039;interno di un portafoglio speciale una certa quantit\u00e0 di token nativi che hanno precedentemente acquisito.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quindi, otterranno il diritto di verificare le transazioni e coniare nuove monete, se necessario, e quasi automaticamente. E saranno ricompensati per questo, come reddito passivo. Ma non tutto \u00e8 perfetto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" src=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scam-4126798_1280-1-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5920\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scam-4126798_1280-1-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scam-4126798_1280-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scam-4126798_1280-1-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scam-4126798_1280-1-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scam-4126798_1280-1-270x180.jpg 270w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scam-4126798_1280-1-770x513.jpg 770w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scam-4126798_1280-1-762x508.jpg 762w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scam-4126798_1280-1-773x515.jpg 773w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scam-4126798_1280-1-370x247.jpg 370w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scam-4126798_1280-1-554x369.jpg 554w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scam-4126798_1280-1-306x204.jpg 306w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scam-4126798_1280-1-368x245.jpg 368w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scam-4126798_1280-1-260x173.jpg 260w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scam-4126798_1280-1-87x58.jpg 87w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/scam-4126798_1280-1.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>C&#039;\u00e8 il rischio che alcuni sviluppatori esperti copino (fork) la blockchain<\/strong> e salta tra la catena originale in cui hanno gi\u00e0 speso i soldi e la nuova catena in cui non l&#039;hanno fatto, ad esempio (e spendere due volte le stesse monete). Non c&#039;\u00e8 &quot;lavoro&quot; per verificare le transazioni qui, solo le parti interessate. Questo \u00e8 soprannominato &quot;<a href=\"https:\/\/smithandcrown.com\/glossary\/nothing-stake-problem\/#:~:text=The%20%E2%80%9Cnothing%2Dat%2Dstake,%2Dof%2Dstake%20consensus%20mechanisms.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Niente in gioco<\/a>&quot;Perch\u00e9, nella nuova catena (copiata), non c&#039;\u00e8 niente da perdere se imbrogli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quindi, i sistemi PoW sono ancora pi\u00f9 robusti e sicuri. Ecco perch\u00e9 la maggior parte degli sviluppatori e degli utenti continua a mantenere PoW, nonostante i suoi svantaggi. <a href=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/2020\/11\/14\/ethereum-2-new-features-prices-more-ethereum-chains\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ethereum \u00e8 un caso diverso<\/a>, anche se. \u00c8 gi\u00e0 in procinto di abbandonare PoW e abbracciare PoS. In futuro, potrebbe apparire un altro sistema, migliore di PoW o PoS. In tal caso, Bitcoin e altre criptovalute migrerebbero probabilmente in quel sistema. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Le criptovalute stanno aumentando il cambiamento climatico?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Il consumo di energia ci porta all&#039;impronta di carbonio (inquinamento), che pu\u00f2 portare a cambiamenti climatici a lungo termine. <a href=\"https:\/\/blueskymodel.org\/kilowatt-hour\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">BlueSkyModel<\/a> calcola che, in media, un chilowattora produce poco pi\u00f9 di una libbra (0,45 kg) di anidride carbonica (CO2). Considerando questo e i dati di Digiconomist, <strong>Bitcoin produrrebbe circa 55,86 Mt di CO2 all&#039;anno.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D&#039;altra parte, il settore bancario consuma circa 639 TWh all&#039;anno. Quindi, questa industria da sola rilascerebbe circa 319,5 Mt di CO2 nell&#039;atmosfera. <a href=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/2020\/10\/26\/bitcoin-can-compete-gold-states-investment-bank-jpmorgan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Miniera d&#039;oro<\/a>, da parte sua, consuma circa 138,9 TWh all&#039;anno, che si traducono in 69,4 Mt CO2. Le emissioni totali per il bestiame globale sono ancora pi\u00f9 sorprendenti: 7,1 Gt di CO2 all&#039;anno [<a href=\"http:\/\/www.fao.org\/news\/story\/es\/item\/197623\/icode\/#:~:text=Total%20emissions%20from%20global%20livestock,of%20all%20anthropogenic%20GHG%20emissions.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">UN FAO<\/a>]. Ma dobbiamo mangiare. Quindi, tutto riguarda la prospettiva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Secondo <a href=\"https:\/\/news.climate.columbia.edu\/2019\/07\/30\/co2-drives-global-warming\/#:~:text=Scientists%20say%20that%20if%20CO2,two%20and%20five%20degrees%20Celsius.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Columbia Climate School<\/a>, &quot;Gli scienziati dicono che se la CO2 raddoppia, potrebbe aumentare la temperatura media globale della Terra tra due e cinque gradi Celsius&quot; entro la fine di questo secolo (2100). Tuttavia, Bitcoin e le criptovalute sono ben lungi dall&#039;essere il problema principale nell&#039;inquinamento del pianeta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"735\" height=\"439\" src=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bitcoin-is-far-behind-the-biggest-energy-consumers-in-the-world.-Source-CCAF.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6469\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bitcoin-is-far-behind-the-biggest-energy-consumers-in-the-world.-Source-CCAF.jpg 735w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bitcoin-is-far-behind-the-biggest-energy-consumers-in-the-world.-Source-CCAF-300x179.jpg 300w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bitcoin-is-far-behind-the-biggest-energy-consumers-in-the-world.-Source-CCAF-150x90.jpg 150w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bitcoin-is-far-behind-the-biggest-energy-consumers-in-the-world.-Source-CCAF-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bitcoin-is-far-behind-the-biggest-energy-consumers-in-the-world.-Source-CCAF-270x161.jpg 270w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bitcoin-is-far-behind-the-biggest-energy-consumers-in-the-world.-Source-CCAF-370x221.jpg 370w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bitcoin-is-far-behind-the-biggest-energy-consumers-in-the-world.-Source-CCAF-554x331.jpg 554w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bitcoin-is-far-behind-the-biggest-energy-consumers-in-the-world.-Source-CCAF-306x183.jpg 306w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bitcoin-is-far-behind-the-biggest-energy-consumers-in-the-world.-Source-CCAF-260x155.jpg 260w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bitcoin-is-far-behind-the-biggest-energy-consumers-in-the-world.-Source-CCAF-87x52.jpg 87w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 735px) 100vw, 735px\" \/><figcaption>Bitcoin \u00e8 molto indietro rispetto ai maggiori consumatori di energia al mondo. Fonte: CCAF<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Esiste una soluzione al problema PoW?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Si tratta di un work in progress, ma ci sono diverse iniziative per il mining con rinnovabili. Alla fine dell&#039;anno scorso, la societ\u00e0 Square <a href=\"https:\/\/www.businesswire.com\/news\/home\/20201208005461\/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">annunciato<\/a> la creazione della Bitcoin Clean Energy Investment Initiative. Mirano a rendere questo settore un contributore a zero emissioni di carbonio.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nella stessa vena, <a href=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/2021\/03\/08\/bitcoin-ethereum-go-bullish-again-new-investments\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">lo scorso mese<\/a>, il gigante energetico norvegese Aker Solutions ha annunciato la creazione di Seetee, una nuova filiale focalizzata sulle criptovalute. <strong>Hanno anche intenzione di promuovere l&#039;estrazione mineraria Bitcoin con fonti rinnovabili.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/sky-1392241_1920-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"criptovalute-inquinamento-energie rinnovabili\" class=\"wp-image-7326\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/sky-1392241_1920-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/sky-1392241_1920-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/sky-1392241_1920-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/sky-1392241_1920-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/sky-1392241_1920-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/sky-1392241_1920-270x180.jpg 270w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/sky-1392241_1920-770x513.jpg 770w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/sky-1392241_1920-762x508.jpg 762w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/sky-1392241_1920-773x515.jpg 773w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/sky-1392241_1920-370x247.jpg 370w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/sky-1392241_1920-554x369.jpg 554w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/sky-1392241_1920-306x204.jpg 306w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/sky-1392241_1920-368x245.jpg 368w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/sky-1392241_1920-260x173.jpg 260w, https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/sky-1392241_1920-87x58.jpg 87w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>Foto di Alexas_Fotos da Pixabay<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Per quanto riguarda i rifiuti elettronici causati da ASIC obsoleti, \u00e8 ancora un problema che richiede maggiore attenzione. Alcune persone hanno suggerito di riutilizzarli in progetti come <a href=\"https:\/\/foldingathome.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Folding @ home<\/a> di Stanford. L&#039;obiettivo qui \u00e8 fornire potenza di calcolo ai loro sistemi, al fine di simulare la dinamica delle proteine e quindi sviluppare nuove terapie per una variet\u00e0 di malattie. In questo momento si stanno concentrando su COVID-19.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c8 difficile sapere cosa porter\u00e0 il futuro. Ma le criptovalute si stanno preparando, compresa la parte dell&#039;inquinamento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Vuoi vedere questa storia in un video? Ti abbiamo preso!<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Bitcoin \u00e8 dannoso per l&#039;ambiente?\" width=\"770\" height=\"433\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/hXaQUy-8kek?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>Vuoi scambiare Bitcoin e altri token? Puoi farlo<\/em>\u00a0<em>in modo sicuro\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.alfa.cash\/buy\/bitcoin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">su Alfacash<\/a>! E non dimenticare che stiamo parlando di questo e di molte altre cose sui nostri social media.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/alfacash_crypto\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Twitter<\/a>&nbsp;*&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/AlfacashCommunity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Telegramma<\/a>&nbsp;*&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/alfacashstore\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Facebook<\/a>&nbsp;*&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/alfacashstore\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Instagram<\/a> * <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCOl4fdRHj8AseQ5b6z9udaw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Youtube<\/a>&nbsp;*&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/vk.com\/alfacashcrypto\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Vkontakte<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I Cryptos non stanno esattamente sputando fumo nero. Quindi, le criptovalute producono davvero inquinamento? Come? Adesso \u00e8 il momento di scoprirlo!<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":7327,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[48],"tags":[329,61,319,330,72,331,181,332],"class_list":{"0":"post-7319","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-learn","8":"tag-climate-change","9":"tag-cryptocurrencies","10":"tag-energy","11":"tag-environment","12":"tag-mining","13":"tag-pollution","14":"tag-pos","15":"tag-pow"},"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/04-scaled.jpg","author_info":{"display_name":"Isabel P\u00e9rez","author_link":"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/it\/author\/isabel\/"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.4 (Yoast SEO v25.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>FAQ: Cryptocurrencies, pollution, and climate change - alfa.cash blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Cryptos aren&#039;t exactly spitting black smoke. So, are cryptocurrencies really producing pollution? How? Now it&#039;s time to discover it!\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/alfacash.blog\/it\/2021\/05\/16\/faq-criptovalute-inquinamento-cambiamento-climatico\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"it_IT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"FAQ: Cryptocurrencies, pollution, and climate change\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Cryptos aren&#039;t exactly spitting black smoke. So, are cryptocurrencies really producing pollution? How? 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